All information about car chassis

Types of Car Chassis

Chassis for a car is analogous to the skeleton for a human body. Chassis, also known as ‘Frame’, is the foundation structure of any car that supports it from underneath. The purpose of the chassis is to bear the weight of the car in its idle and dynamic states. Given that, most people don’t get to choose the chassis of their car and many may not really care about them as much. However, if you have some level of know-how about chassis, it can help to determine the abilities of your car. Here are four main types of chassis.

Ladder Frame Chassis

Named after the shape it replicates, the ladder-frame chassis is one of the oldest chassis types. This chassis is character by two long heavy beams that are supported by two smaller ones. Its quality of being easily manufactured not only made it contemporarily popular but also eased the way for its mass production. Since ladder frame chassis is significantly heavy it’s usually used for vehicles that transport heavy material.

Benefits

• Easy to manufacture and easy assembling of the car over it.·  
• Heavy and strong tensile strength.

Drawbacks

Poor cornering ability due to weak torsional rigidity

Its heaviness doesn’t make it suitable for performance cars and hatchbacks.

Backbone Chassis

Similar to the ladder frame chassis, the backbone chassis is also named after the shape it reflects. The hollow rectangular cross-section and a cylindrical tube passing through it connecting the front and rear suspension, like a backbone. The cylindrical tube surrounds the driveshaft. You can find backbone chassis in one of the most popular cars, Skoda Rapid.

Benefits

• Its crafting allows better contact between the half axle and ground making it preferable for off-roading.
• A cylindrical tube covering the driveshaft saves it from any damage while off-roading.
• The structure’s torsional toughness is relatively more supple than ladder chassis.

Drawbacks

In case the driveshaft fails, the whole chassis needs to be dismantled as the driveshaft is covered with the cylindrical tube of the chassis.

The manufacture of backbone chassis is costly and increases the overall cost of the car.

Monocoque Chassis

Monocouque is French for ‘single shell’. This unibody frame is named after its structural outlook. The monocoque frames were firstly used in ships, next in aeroplanes, and manufacturers took quite a while to find them pertinent for cars as well. A monocoque is like an endoskeleton of a car crafted by fitting chassis and complete basic frame in a single unit. Monocoque chassis is the most popularly used chassis as of now given its number of advantages over the other two types of chassis.

Benefits

• Best torsional rigidity.
• Its cage-like design makes it relatively safer.
• Easy to repair.

Drawbacks

• The amalgamation of frame and chassis makes it fairly heavy.
• The production of monocoque chassis on a small scale isn’t financially plausible, thereby it can prove fairly costly for the cars that are produced in small numbers.

Tubular Chassis

A three-dimensional derivative of ladder chassis, Tubular chassis are mainly used in performance cars given their excellent safety. Rarely seen in passenger cars, tubular chassis is much stronger than ladder chassis and they popularised the utilization of stronger structure underneath the doors to accomplish more consolidated strength.

Benefits

Comparatively better rigidity for the chassis of the almost same weight

Nice ratio of rigidity and weight making a car strong while being light-weighted.

Highly preferred for race cars

Drawbacks

• Tubular chassis are quite complex in design, conclusively they can’t be manufactured by conventional methods.
• They are very time-consuming in production, and can’t be mass-produced.
• Not suitable for passenger cars
• The tubular chassis elevates the doors a bit making it slightly hard to access the cabin.